Coping Strategies Of Mothers With Developmentally Delayed Children Who Attend A Support Group And Who Do Not Attend A Support Group

When faced with stress, behavioral and psychological reactions occur to decrease the person\u27s perception of the stress. Rearing a child with developmental delay is one such stressful event. The purpose of this investigation was to explore coping strategies of mothers who are rearing a child with developmental delay. Two hypotheses were generated; There will be no statistically significant differences in perceived coping strategy scores used by mothers with developmentally delayed children in a support group and those not in a support group, and there will be no statistically significant differences in perceived effectiveness of coping strategy scores used by mothers with developmentally delayed children in a support group and those not in a support group. Lazarus’ cognitive transactional theory of stress postulates that the perception of mental and physical health relates to the ways people evaluate and cope with the stresses of life and was used as a theoretical framework. Mothers were from Mississippi, between the ages of 16 and 40, and parenting a children with developmental delay secondary to cerebral palsy. Perceived use and perceived effectiveness scores were obtained using the Jalowiec Coping Scale and analyzed using t-test statistical analysis. There was no statistically significant difference in the use of total coping styles between the two groups of mothers (p = .573). However, when analyzing the coping styles separately, mothers in the support group used the confrontive, optimistic, supportant, and self reliant coping styles significantly more than mothers in the non-support group. Mothers in the non­ support group used the evasive and fatalistic styles style more. There was a iii significant difference in the total effectiveness of coping style scores between the two groups of mothers (p = .024). Mothers in the support group perceived the confrontive and supportant styles of coping to be more effective than did mothers in the non-support group. Themes identified by mothers who responded to the open ended question, Is there anything else you you like to say about being a parent of a child with cerebral palsy? were indicative of a more positive attitude by the mothers in the support group. Further research is needed to determine the effectiveness of support groups as an intervention for mothers of children with disabilities. Curricula in graduate schools of nursing should be evaluated to include a conceptual approach to family-centered nursing for the family with a developmental delayed child. Replicaton of this study with inclusion of hypotheses reflecting each of the eight subscales of the JCS is recommended

A Critical Exploratory Analysis of Black Girls\u27 Achievement in 8th grade U.S. History

The purpose of this study was to utilize an ethnically homogeneous design to examine Black female student U.S. History content-specific knowledge. The study aims to elucidate the importance of single-group analyses as an alternative to between-group comparative designs. The present study utilized a critical, quantitative, descriptive research design to examine the achievement of Black girls in U.S. History from a strength-based and growth-focused perspective. The study contributes to the literature on Black girls’ achievement by applying a quantitative approach to intersectional research. This study utilized two subsamples of Black 8th grade girls from the 2006 and 2010 National Assessment of Educational Progress (N = 4,490). Mean differences in Black girls’ specialized U.S. History content knowledge were assessed using both descriptive statistics and an analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results indicate statistically significant growth overall, and on the democracy and world role domains. Data also indicate that scores on the democracy and culture domains were statistically significantly higher than scores on the technology and world role domains. This study provides implications for middle grades U.S. History achievement and the specific needs of Black girls

Responding to the employability agenda: developments in the politics and international relations curriculum in English universities.

yesWith some of the lowest levels of graduate employability across university campuses, and the non-vocational nature of most Politics/International Relations (IR) undergraduate degree programmes, the discipline faces a huge challenge in responding to the increasingly prevalent employability agenda in higher education. Indeed, as Politics/IR students feel the burden of the £9000 annual student fee now charged by most universities,5 and an ever-more contracting and competitive jobs market, a review of existing employability training and learning in the Politics/IR curriculum in universities has never been so essential. As such, this paper – based on a Higher Education Agency (HEA) funded project, Employability Learning and the Politics/IR Curriculum – explores the employability learning provision in a cross-section of English higher education institutions (HEIs) with a view to identifying examples of good practice in order to generate reflection on how best the discipline can respond to the employability agenda. The original project maps how employability is ingrained in various Politics/IR departments’6 curriculum. Here we present some of our preliminary findings. The bulk of this paper is formed by a discussion of the results we have gathered to date. Before proceeding to the data, however, we begin this paper by setting out the background to the employability agenda. In particular, we seek to highlight the ways in which the employability agenda has developed and been framed in higher education, as well as detailing the statistics on graduate employability in Politics/IR in order to provide some quantitative context. In so doing we aim to lay out the scale of the practical and pedagogic challenges we face as a discipline. We then go on to discuss the methodology of the project, before finally presenting and analysing our findings

The Northwest Archivists Mentoring Program: A Case Study

The Northwest Archivists (NWA), a regional archival association in the Pacific Northwest, established a formal mentoring program in 2007. A pilot phase of the program ran for 2 years and included both formative and summative assessments from participants. This case study documents NWA’s experiences designing and managing a mentoring program within a volunteer-run professional association, reflects on the program’s successes and challenges, and recommends areas for future investigation

Early changes in pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in neonates with encephalopathy are associated with remote epilepsy.

BackgroundNeonatal seizures are associated with adverse neurologic sequelae including epilepsy in childhood. Here we aim to determine whether levels of cytokines in neonates with brain injury are associated with acute symptomatic seizures or remote epilepsy.MethodsThis is a cohort study of term newborns with encephalopathy at UCSF between 10/1993 and 1/2000 who had dried blood spots. Maternal, perinatal/postnatal, neuroimaging, and epilepsy variables were abstracted by chart review. Logistic regression was used to compare levels of cytokines with acute seizures and the development of epilepsy.ResultsIn a cohort of 26 newborns with neonatal encephalopathy at risk for hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy with blood spots for analysis, diffuse alterations in both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels were observed between those with (11/28, 39%) and without acute symptomatic seizures. Seventeen of the 26 (63%) patients had >2 years of follow-up and 4/17 (24%) developed epilepsy. Higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α within the IL-1β pathway were significantly associated with epilepsy.ConclusionsElevations in pro-inflammatory cytokines in the IL-1β pathway were associated with later onset of epilepsy. Larger cohort studies are needed to confirm the predictive value of these circulating biomarkers

Innovative Collaborative Practice: A Journey to Interinstitutional Transformation

What happens when university educators interested in improving health care partner with health care clinicians interested in improving education? Findings Why is collaboration important? -Brings new value to both institutions -Grounds research and theory in contemporary context -Power of bringing different expertise togethe

Prospectus, May 16, 1969

BOARD LOOKS AT CODE; Art Show Ill-Attended; Black Rap; Art Students Ask The Question Why; Review of Hamlet; Not So Nursery Rhyme; Bake Sale Goes Over Big; Ask Minerva; New Members Of SG Hit; Instructional Resource Center; The Marvelous Montoya; Teachers Unite; Parkland Players Present...; Aces And Spaces; Counselors\u27 Corner...; Dr. Smith Moves Forth; Moose Lodge Is Picketed; Liz Sharp, Klapperich Track Stars; Intramural Track Results; Parkland College Basketball Schedule; Photographic Art By Thomas Kläyhttps://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1969/1006/thumbnail.jp

Prospectus, May 2, 1969

SG RAPS PROSPECTUS; Board Approves 2 New Programs; Board Meets Tuesday Over Student Rights; Permanent Officers Elected; Dr. Smith Resigns, Gets Doctorate; Applications Open For Art Exhibit; Editors\u27 Column; Readerspeak; Queen hopefuls Make Ready, BSA Pulls Out; Draft Counselor Opens At PC; Betas To State; Parkland\u27s Para-Professionals; Culture Abounds In Mrs. Clore\u27s Home; Gayle Wright: Won\u27t Accept Second Best; Counselors\u27 Corner...; GI\u27s Survive To Get Home; Klapperich Entered At Meet; IM Softball; Parkland\u27s Liz Sharp; New Bill Limits JC Recruiting; At PCKFA Meet: Kite Flying Instructors Battle April\u27s Breezes;https://spark.parkland.edu/prospectus_1969/1007/thumbnail.jp

Half brain irradiation in a murine model of breast cancer brain metastasis: Magnetic resonance imaging and histological assessments of dose-response

Background: Brain metastasis is becoming increasingly prevalent in breast cancer due to improved extra-cranial disease control. With emerging availability of modern image-guided radiation platforms, mouse models of brain metastases and small animal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we examined brain metastases\u27 responses from radiotherapy in the pre-clinical setting. In this study, we employed half brain irradiation to reduce inter-subject variability in metastases dose-response evaluations. Methods: Half brain irradiation was performed on a micro-CT/RT system in a human breast cancer (MDA-MB-231-BR) brain metastasis mouse model. Radiation induced DNA double stranded breaks in tumors and normal mouse brain tissue were quantified using γ-H2AX immunohistochemistry at 30 min (acute) and 11 days (longitudinal) after half-brain treatment for doses of 8, 16 and 24 Gy. In addition, tumor responses were assessed volumetrically with in-vivo longitudinal MRI and histologically for tumor cell density and nuclear size. Results: In the acute setting, γ-H2AX staining in tumors saturated at higher doses while normal mouse brain tissue continued to increase linearly in the phosphorylation of H2AX. While γ-H2AX fluorescence intensities returned to the background level in the brain 11 days after treatment, the residual γ-H2AX phosphorylation in the radiated tumors remained elevated compared to un-irradiated contralateral tumors. With radiation, MRI-derived relative tumor growth was significantly reduced compared to the un-irradiated side. While there was no difference in MRI tumor volume growth between 16 and 24 Gy, there was a significant reduction in tumor cell density from histology with increasing dose. In the longitudinal study, nuclear size in the residual tumor cells increased significantly as the radiation dose was increased. Conclusions: Radiation damages to the DNAs in the normal brain parenchyma are resolved over time, but remain unrepaired in the treated tumors. Furthermore, there is a radiation dose response in nuclear size of surviving tumor cells. Increase in nuclear size together with unrepaired DNA damage indicated that the surviving tumor cells post radiation had continued to progress in the cell cycle with DNA replication, but failed cytokinesis. Half brain irradiation provides efficient evaluation of dose-response for cancer cell lines, a pre-requisite to perform experiments to understand radio-resistance in brain metastases